Betacoronaviruses

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Betacoronaviruses (β-CoVs or Beta-CoVs) are one of four genera (Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-, and Delta-) of coronaviruses. It is in the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae, of the order Nidovirales. They are enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses of zoonotic origin. The coronavirus genera are each composed of varying viral lineages with the betacoronavirus genus containing four such lineages: A, B, C, D. In older literature, this genus is also known as group 2 coronaviruses

Betacoronavirus
MERS-CoV particles as seen by negative stain electron microscopy. Virions contain characteristic club-like projections emanating from the viral membrane.
MERS-CoV particles as seen by negative stain electron microscopy. Virions contain characteristic club-like projections emanating from the viral membrane.
SARS-CoV-2 without background.png
Illustration of a SARS-CoV-2 virion
Virus classificatione
(unranked):Virus
Realm:Riboviria
Kingdom:Orthornavirae
Phylum:Pisuviricota
Class:Pisoniviricetes
Order:Nidovirales
Family:Coronaviridae
Subfamily:Orthocoronavirinae
Genus:Betacoronavirus
Subgenera and species[1][2]

The Beta-CoVs of the greatest clinical importance concerning humans are OC43 (which can cause the common cold) and HKU1 of the A lineage, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 (which causes the disease COVID-19) of the B lineage,[3] and MERS-CoV of the C lineage. MERS-CoV is the first betacoronavirus belonging to lineage C that is known to infect humans.[4][5]

The Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus genera descend from the bat gene pool.[6][7][8]

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